Hornbostel–Sachs

Hornbostel–Sachs taxonomy

Musical instruments classified by how they produce sound — from the five abstract families down through ever more particular subclasses.

1Idiophones6 subcategories2Membranophones4 subcategories3Chordophones3 subcategories4Aerophones3 subcategories5Electrophones6 subcategories
41Free aerophones4 subcategories42Wind instruments proper5 subcategories43Mixed sets of aerophones
420Edge-tone instruments that are not flutes421Edge instruments or flutes3 subcategories422Reedpipes4 subcategories423Labrosones3 subcategories424Membranopipes
422.1Reedpipes with double (or quadruple) reeds2 subcategories422.2Reedpipes with single reeds2 subcategories422.3Reedpipes with free reeds (air column dominant)3 subcategories422.4Dilating reeds2 subcategories
422.21Individual reedpipes with single reeds2 subcategories422.22Sets of reedpipes with single reeds
422.211Single-reed pipes with cylindrical bore2 subcategories422.212Single-reed pipes with conical bore
422.211.1Cylindrical single-reed pipes without fingerholes422.211.2Cylindrical single-reed pipes with fingerholes

Cylindrical single-reed pipes with fingerholes (422.211.2)